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Vitiligo is a specific type of dermatological condition that is
characterized by loss of pigment of the skin that can affect almost any
part of the body, including premature graying of hair. The exact cause
of vitiligo is unknown but it is believed to be an autoimmune disease
that can be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors. The
relationship between HCV and vitiligo is controversial. Most studies
have not been able to find a direct link between HCV and vitiligo, but
some smaller studies have suggested a causal link. Still other studies
have found a link between vitiligo and interferon therapy.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms include white patches of skin that itch. It
can affect any area of the body but it is usually seen on the
extremities, face or neck, and skin folds. It can also affect the
areas around the lips, genitals, gums, nipples, and the colored skin
that surrounds the nipple. Vitiligo generally strikes people between
the ages of 10-30 years old, and it is common in females and males
alike.
Causes
The exact cause of vitiligo is not known. It is an autoimmune disease
that is believed to be hereditary. The proposed theories are that
stress, thyroid dysfunction, skin injury, severe sunburns, chemicals,
and medicines combined with the genetic tendency towards vitiligo can
all contribute to the condition. However, these are theories that have
not yet been substantiated.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of vitiligo is usually made based on a combination of
tests, including physical examination, blood tests for autoimmune
markers, skin biopsy, and obtaining a medical history of the
individual’s family.
Treatment
There is no standardized treatment for vitiligo. Treatment is usually
individualized and can include phototherapy (light therapy), steroids,
and various topical ointments. In severe cases of vitiligo skin grafts
have been found to help as well as tattooing the skin in people with
dark skin. The skin can also be dyed or artificially tanned although
it is difficult to match the dyed or tanned area to the pigmentation of
the surrounding or healthy skin.
Other
strategies to help manage vitiligo include wearing sunscreen and
sun-protecting clothing, and avoiding the use of hair dyes and bleaches
that can damage the skin.
Dealing with Vitiligo
In people with moderate to severe vitiligo the emotional toll can be
enormous especially if it affects the skin on specific parts of the
body that are visible, such as the face, arms hands, and legs. Finding
a medical provider who is well-versed in treating the physical and
emotional issues of vitiligo is important. Peer support in the form of
a support group for discussing the condition and receiving emotional
support is critical.
Alan Franciscus, Editor-in-Chief - HCV Advocate
http://www.hcvadvocate.org
Resources:
http://www.vitiligosupport.org/
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